Bioethics - subject matter and controversies

This article provides an overview of the research issues addressed in bioethics. The basic sections of bioethical reflection are characterised: medical ethics, ethics of transplantation surgery, ethics of genetic engineering, thanatology, ecological ethics, ethics of human-animal relations and biojurysprudence. The main controversies revealed within their frameworks are shown. The basic opposition in bioethics between the traditionalist approach (based on the thesis of the sanctity of life) and the liberal approach (based on the thesis of the quality of life) is explained. It was expressed the conviction that despite the differences in opinions resulting from differences in ethical attitudes, bioethics plays a positive role by becoming a platform for working out norms to be included in the legislation of individual countries.
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